What make the difference between American bourbon and whiskey is not just the spelling, but also a range of factors that influence the flavor, production process, and regulations. Understanding these differences can help whiskey enthusiasts appreciate the unique qualities of each spirit.
American bourbon and whiskey are both types of distilled spirits made from fermented grain mash, but they have distinct characteristics that set them apart. One of the most significant differences lies in their primary grain ingredient. Bourbon is predominantly made from corn, while whiskey can be made from a variety of grains, including barley, wheat, rye, and corn.
Another key difference is the aging process. Bourbon must be aged in new, charred oak barrels, which contributes to its rich flavor and amber color. Whiskey, on the other hand, can be aged in a variety of barrel types, including used oak, which can affect the flavor profile. Additionally, bourbon must be aged for at least two years, while whiskey can be aged for a shorter period.
The spelling of “bourbon” versus “whiskey” is another point of contention. Bourbon is a protected spirit, meaning it can only be produced in the United States and must meet specific requirements, such as being made from at least 51% corn, aged in new, charred oak barrels, and distilled to no more than 160 proof. Whiskey, on the other hand, is a broader category that includes bourbon, rye whiskey, scotch, and other spirits made from various grains and aged in different ways.
Flavorwise, bourbon tends to have a sweeter, more complex taste due to the high corn content and the aging process. It often has notes of caramel, vanilla, and oak. Whiskey, depending on the grain and aging process, can range from smooth and subtle to bold and spicy. For example, rye whiskey has a spicier taste with notes of pepper and fruit, while scotch whiskey is known for its smoky flavor, often attributed to the peat used in the malting process.
The production process also plays a role in differentiating bourbon from whiskey. Bourbon is typically produced in the United States, while whiskey can be made anywhere in the world. American distillers often use a pot still for distillation, which can contribute to the unique flavor profile of bourbon. In contrast, whiskey producers may use a variety of stills, including pot stills and column stills, which can result in different flavor profiles.
Lastly, regulations and labeling also distinguish bourbon from whiskey. Bourbon must be labeled with its age statement, if available, and must be produced in the United States. Whiskey, while also subject to regulations, may not have the same strict labeling requirements as bourbon. This can make it more challenging for consumers to determine the quality and origin of a whiskey product.
In conclusion, what make the difference between American bourbon and whiskey are the primary grain, aging process, spelling, flavor, production process, and regulations. Understanding these differences can help whiskey enthusiasts appreciate the unique qualities of each spirit and make more informed choices when selecting a whiskey to enjoy.
