What the Difference Between Serum and Plasma
The terms “serum” and “plasma” are often used interchangeably, but they refer to different components of blood. Understanding the difference between serum and plasma is crucial in various medical and scientific fields, as they have distinct properties and uses. In this article, we will explore the differences between serum and plasma, their composition, and their applications.
Composition
Plasma is the liquid component of blood that makes up about 55% of its total volume. It is a yellowish fluid that contains water, electrolytes, proteins, hormones, and waste products. Plasma serves as the medium through which blood cells and other substances are transported throughout the body.
Serum, on the other hand, is the liquid that remains after blood has clotted. It is essentially plasma without the clotting factors, which are proteins that help the blood to coagulate. As a result, serum does not contain certain proteins like fibrinogen, prothrombin, and factor VIII.
Formation
Plasma is formed in the liver and is continuously produced and circulated throughout the body. It is the main component of blood that carries nutrients, oxygen, and waste products to and from cells.
Serum is formed when blood is drawn from a vein and allowed to clot. The clotting process removes the clotting factors, leaving behind the liquid component, which is then centrifuged to separate the serum from the clot.
Applications
Plasma is used in various medical applications, such as plasma transfusions, where it is used to replace lost blood volume and provide clotting factors. It is also used in the production of vaccines, blood products, and therapeutic proteins.
Serum, on the other hand, is used in diagnostic tests, such as blood chemistry panels and serological tests, to assess the health of patients. It is also used in research to study diseases and their progression.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the main difference between serum and plasma lies in the presence or absence of clotting factors. Plasma is the liquid component of blood that carries nutrients and waste products, while serum is the liquid that remains after blood has clotted, lacking clotting factors. Both serum and plasma have important roles in medical and scientific fields, and understanding their differences is essential for their proper use.
